[Gender perspective in the care experience and in the results of patients who consult for chest pain in an emergency department]. / Perspectiva de género en la experiencia asistencial y en los resultados de pacientes que consultan por dolor torácico en un servicio de urgencias.

Objective: Clinical practice guidelines suggest performing an electrocardiogram (EKG) in patients with chest pain within the first 10 minutes in the emergency department, warning about subdiagnosis in women. Possible differences based on sex were analyzed. Method: An observational and retrospective study in an Emergency Department, with adult patients admitted to the Chest Pain Unit in 2021. Results: There were 1,469 patients, of whom 774 were men (52.7%). The men were younger (60 vs. 65 years), were less overweight (17.18 vs. 22.16%), and had more previous admissions to the Coronary Unit (12 vs. 7%), compared to women. No gender differences were observed in EKG performance (91 vs. 90%), EKG time (median 4.1 vs. 4.5 minutes), or delay in care attention (median 25 vs. 26 minutes). In terms of healthcare resources, men underwent more biomarkers: troponins (63 vs. 55%; odds ratio [OR]: 1.35; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.10-1.67) and creatine phosphokinase (24.8 vs. 19.1%), received more aspirin (6.7 vs. 3.1%), nitrates/nitrites (6 vs. 3%), and hospitalization (17.18 vs. 10.50%; OR: 1.76; 95%CI; 1.30-2.40). Of 206 hospitalized, 112 had a final diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (54%), more men than women (81 vs. 31). There were no significant differences in revascularization time, medication schedule at discharge, hospital stay, or mortality. Conclusions: Gender did not affect precordial pain care, diagnosis, and treatment times, highlighting the quality of hospital care.

Objetivo: Las guías de práctica clínica sugieren realizar electrocardiograma (ECG) en pacientes con dolor precordial dentro de los primeros 10 minutos en urgencias, advirtiendo sobre el subdiagnóstico en mujeres. Se analizaron las posibles diferencias en función del sexo. Método. Método: Estudio observacional y retrospectivo en una central de emergencias de adultos, con pacientes ingresados a la unidad de dolor torácico durante 2021. Resultados: Hubo 1,469 pacientes, de los cuales 774 eran hombres (52.7%). Los hombres eran más jóvenes (60 vs. 65 años), tenían menos sobrepeso (17.18 vs. 22.16%) y más ingresos previos en unidad coronaria (12 vs. 7%). No se observaron diferencias de género en la realización de ECG (91 vs. 90%), tiempo para el ECG (mediana 4.1 vs. 4.5 minutos) o tiempo de demora en atención (mediana 25 vs. 26 minutos). En términos de recursos sanitarios, los hombres se sometieron más a biomarcadores: troponinas (63 vs. 55%; odds ratio [OR]: 1.35; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: 1.10-1.67) y creatina fosfocinasa (24.8 vs. 19.1%), recibieron más aspirina (6.7 vs. 3.1%), nitratos/nitritos (6 vs. 3%), y hospitalización (17.18 vs. 10.50%; OR: 1.76; IC95%: 1.30-2.40). De 206 internados, 112 tuvieron diagnóstico final de síndrome coronario agudo (54%), más hombres que mujeres (81 vs. 31). No hubo diferencias significativas en tiempos de revascularización, esquema de medicación al alta, tiempo de estadía ni en mortalidad hospitalaria. Conclusiones: El género no afectó a los tiempos de atención, diagnóstico y tratamiento del dolor precordial, destacando la calidad de atención hospitalaria.

Women in Radiology: A perspective from Spain.

INTRODUCTION: There are gender inequalities in all fields, including radiology. Although the situation is improving, the presence of radiologists in leadership positions continues to be a minority. The objective of this article is to analyse the situation of women in the spanish radiology, comparing it with Europe and the United States. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We selected the years 2000-2022 as reference period to make a comparison with feminization data throughout history. In addition, relevant specific data from the just begun 2023 were also included. The variables in which we investigated feminization were the following: medical students, medical graduates, radiology residents and specialists, section chiefs, department chairs, radiology residency programme directors, radiology university professors, presidents of the main radiological entities and societies in Spain, Europe and the United States, recipients of the main awards given by these radiological societies and chief editors of their journals. In order to perform this analysis we conducted an in-depth bibliographic research, we contacted the radiological societies of Spain, Europe and the USA and we carried out a survey in the main Spanish radiology departments. RESULTS: The female presence in radiology decreases as we rise to leadership positions, a situation that is patent in Spain, Europe and the US, comparison that will be analysed in depth throughout the article. In Spanish hospitals in 2021 there were 58.1% female radiology residents, 55% female radiologists, 42.9% female section chiefs and 24.4% female department chairs. In SERAM's history there have been 10% female presidents, 22% female gold medallists and 5% female editors-in-chief. If we analyse data from 2000 to 2023, female presidents reach 32% and female gold medallists 31%. CONCLUSIONS: Although gender inequality is declining, in radiology women continue to be underrepresented in leadership positions. Work must be done in order to build a diverse and inclusive profession that reflects demographic reality.

Endorsing Precarious Manhood Beliefs Is Associated With Sexual Harassment Myths Acceptance in Italian Men and Women.

The present study aimed to expand the understanding of the correlates of sexual harassment myths, a set of beliefs that serve to justify male perpetrators. Data collected among Italian adults (N = 407; 59.5% women) showed that individual levels of precarious manhood beliefs-according to which manhood is a social status that must be proven via public action-were related to greater sexual harassment myths acceptance in male and female respondents. Such associations were mediated by hostile sexism and benevolence toward men. Findings suggest that interventions to reduce tolerance of sexual harassment of women should target cultural views of manhood and counteract rigid models of masculinity and femininity.

Target Happiness Attenuates Perceivers' Moral Condemnation of Prejudiced People.

Five experiments (combined N = 4,915) tested the prediction that the moral boost of happiness would persist for social targets with moral failings. In Studies 1 and 2, White and Black participants, respectively, judged happy (versus unhappy) racist targets more morally good. In Study 3, happy (versus unhappy) racist targets were judged more morally good and less (more) likely to engage in racist (good) behavior. Behavioral expectations explained the link between happiness and moral evaluations. Study 4 replicated Studies 1 to 3 in the context of sexism. In Study 5, happy (versus unhappy) targets who engaged in racially biased behavior were evaluated as more morally good, and this effect was explained by behavioral forecasts. Happiness boosts attributions of moral goodness for prejudiced people and does so via expectations for future behavior. Future directions are discussed.

Ciber violencia contra la pareja en universitarios de España y Latinoamérica / Cyber violence against the couple in university students in Spain and Latin America

El objetivo de la investigación fue estudiar la presencia de ciber violencia contra la pareja en estudiantes universitarios de España y Latinoamérica, así como como analizar su relación con los mitos románticos y el sexismo ambivalente. La investigación tiene un diseño transversal. La muestra estaba formada por 2.798 estudiantes de siete países hispanohablantes: España, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Colombia, Chile, Argentina y México. Los resultados muestran pocas diferencias de medias entre hombres y mujeres; sin embargo, las diferencias entre países son considerables, sobre todo en la perpetración de agresiones directas y control. Las distintas formas de ciber violencia contra la pareja tienden a correlacionar, en una dirección positiva, con las actitudes sexistas y las creencias distorsionadas sobre el amor romántico. En conclusión, los programas de prevención deberían tener en cuenta las nuevas manifestaciones de la violencia que están apareciendo en los espacios virtuales.(AU)

The objective of the research was to study the presence of cyber violenceagainst partners in university students in Spain and Latin America, as well as toanalyze its relationship with romantic myths and ambivalent sexism. The researchhas a cross-sectional design. The sample was made up of 2,798 students fromseven Spanish-speaking countries: Spain, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Colombia, Chile,Argentina, and Mexico. The results show few differences in means between menand women; However, the differences between countries are considerable,especially in the perpetration of direct attacks and control. The different forms ofcyber violence against a partner tend to correlate, in a positive direction, with sexistattitudes and distorted beliefs about romantic love. In conclusion, preventionprograms should take into account the new manifestations of violence that areappearing in virtual spaces.(AU)

La mujer en la radiología española actual: análisis en perspectiva / Women in Radiology: A perspective from Spain

Introducción: Existen desigualdades por razón de género en todos los ámbitos, incluyendo la radiología. Aunque la situación está mejorando, la presencia de radiólogas en puestos de liderazgo continúa siendo minoritaria. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la situación de la mujer en la radiología española, comparándola con Europa y EE. UU. Materiales y métodos: Seleccionamos como franja de referencia los años 2000-2022 para hacer una comparación con datos de feminización a lo largo de la historia. Además también se incluyeron datos puntuales relevantes del recién comenzado 2023. Las variables en las que investigamos la feminización fueron las siguientes: estudiantes de medicina, médicos graduados, residentes y especialistas en radiodiagnóstico, jefes de sección, jefes de servicio, tutores de residentes de radiodiagnóstico, radiólogos profesores universitarios, presidentes de las principales entidades y sociedades radiológicas de España, Europa y EE. UU., receptores de los principales galardones de dichas sociedades radiológicas y editores jefe de sus revistas. Para ello realizamos una amplia búsqueda bibliográfica, contactamos con las sociedades radiológicas de España, Europa y EE. UU. y realizamos una encuesta a los principales servicios de radiodiagnóstico de España. Resultados: La presencia femenina en radiología va disminuyendo a medida que ascendemos a puestos de liderazgo, situación que se constata tanto en España como en Europa y EE. UU., comparativa que analizaremos en profundidad a lo largo del artículo. En los hospitales españoles en el año 2021 había un 58,1% de mujeres residentes de radiodiagnóstico, 55% de radiólogas, 42,9% de jefas de sección y 24,4% de jefas de servicio. En la historia de la SERAM ha habido un 10% de mujeres presidentas, un 22% de mujeres medallas de oro y un 5% de editoras jefe. Analizando los datos del año 2000 al 2023 el porcentaje de presidentas alcanza el 32% y las mujeres medalla de oro el 31%.(AU)

Introduction: There are gender inequalities in all fields, including radiology. Although the situation is improving, the presence of radiologists in leadership positions continues to be a minority. The objective of this article is to analyze the situation of women in the spanish radiology, comparing it with Europe and the United States. Materials and methods: We selected the years 2000-2022 as reference period to make a comparison with feminization data throughout history. In addition, relevant specific data from the just begun 2023 were also included. The variables in which we investigated feminization were the following: medical students, medical graduates, radiology residents and specialists, section chiefs, department chairs, radiology residency programme directors, radiology university professors, presidents of the main radiological entities and societies in Spain, Europe and the United States, recipients of the main awards given by these radiological societies and chief editors of their journals. In order to perform this analysis we conducted an in-depth bibliographic research, we contacted the radiological societies of Spain, Europe and the USA and we carried out a survey in the main spanish radiology departments. Results: The female presence in radiology decreases as we rise to leadership positions, a situation that is patent in Spain, Europe and the US, comparison that will be analyzed in depth throughout the article. In spanish hospitals in 2021 there were 58.1% female radiology residents, 55% female radiologists, 42.9% female section chiefs and 24.4% female department chairs. In SERAM's history there have been 10% female presidents, 22% female gold medallists and 5% female editors-in-chief. If we analyze data from 2000 to 2023, female presidents reach 32% and female gold medallists 31%.(AU)

Gender inequities in ENT: Insights from women speakers at American Head and Neck Society meetings.

BACKGROUND: Gender inequity exists across national speakers at American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) conferences. This qualitative study explores potential causes of this disparity by surveying women invited to speak at AHNS between 2007 and 2019 and examining advice, resources, and meaningful actions from "those who made it." METHODS: An internet search for contact information for the 131 female AHNS was performed. An electronic survey was distributed via email. Deidentified qualitative responses were coded by two independent researchers into themes. Themes characterize barriers that female head and neck (HN) surgeons face and describe ways to mitigate the impact of these for the next generation. RESULTS: Contact information for 73/131 female AHNS speakers was obtained via internet search. Email responses were received from 22/73 (30%). Of those, respondents specialized in otolaryngology (n = 17), medical oncology (n = 2), palliative care (n = 1), vascular surgery (n = 1), and thoracic surgical oncology (n = 1). All speakers worked in academic settings at varying stages of their career with 81.8% (18/22) of respondents fellowship-trained (primarily HN surgery). Concerns about gender disparity in ENT were grouped into the following themes: (1) recruiting women to ENT, (2) removing barriers to career advancement, (3) diversifying ENT's national presence, and (4) improving the broader culture of HN surgery. Respondents emphasized a need for diversifying leadership, early exposure to otolaryngology in medical school, and connecting students with female role models. Outstanding research, involvement at annual meetings, and committee membership were consistently deemed important for establishing a national presence in the field. Implicit bias, "boys clubs" culture, and burdensome childcare responsibilities were described as barriers to career advancement. CONCLUSIONS: While encouraging more women to enter otolaryngology residencies, increasing the number female role models and establishing strong mentoring networks may help to mitigate challenges. Meaningful progress requires the efforts of both male and female allies within the specialty. Simple solutions, such as educating on implicit bias, removing demographics from applications, and eliminating hidden penalties for maternity leave, may help improve diversity and mitigate barriers to career progression for underrepresented groups within ENT.

Sexism and Feminist Conspiracy Beliefs: Hostile Sexism Moderates the Link Between Feminist Conspiracy Beliefs and Rape Myth Acceptance.

This research examined the effect of belief in feminist conspiracy theories and sexist ideology on endorsing rape myths. Study 1 (N = 201) uncovered that the relationship between feminist conspiracy beliefs and rape myth acceptance was conditional on higher levels of hostile sexism. Study 2 (N = 552) demonstrated that for those with higher hostile sexism, exposure to feminist conspiracy theories (vs. control) increased feminist conspiracy beliefs, which were then associated with rape myths. The current research suggests that the link between feminist conspiracy beliefs and rape myths could result from such beliefs upholding a hostile sexist view of women.

AI Analysis of General Medicine in Japan: Present and Future Considerations.

This paper presents an interpretation of artificial intelligence (AI)-generated depictions of the present and future of general medicine in Japan. Using text inputs, the AI tool generated fictitious images based on neural network analyses. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because the direction of general medicine in Japan has long been unclear, despite constant discussion. Our AI analysis shows that Japanese medicine is currently plagued by issues with polypharmacy, likely because of the aging patient population. Additionally, the analysis indicated a distressed female physician and evoked a sense of anxiety about the future of female physicians. It discusses whether the ability to encourage the success of female physicians is a turning point for the future of medicine in Japan.

Gender, Sexism, and Police Attitudes Toward Policing Intimate Partner Violence in China.

This study examines the impact of gender and sexism on police officers' attitudes toward policing intimate partner violence (IPV). Data were collected from 826 Chinese police officers through online questionnaires. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis found that male police officers and those with sexist attitudes believe that handling IPV cases is illegitimate; they tend to perceive that the police are not morally bound to regulate such cases. Meanwhile, policewomen are less likely to consider that IPV interventions are difficult and resource-intensive. Findings indicate the need to amend policies and practices concerning gender and sexism among police officers to control IPV.

Asociación entre edadismo y sexismo en estudiantes universitarios / Association between ageism and sexism in university students

Antecedentes y objetivos El edadismo es la percepción negativa de las personas por su edad. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los niveles de edadismo y su asociación con el sexismo y otros factores en universitarios. Materiales y métodos Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal a través de una encuesta online entre los estudiantes de la Universidad de Granada (España). Se recogió información sobre variables sociodemográficas y académicas y se administró el Cuestionario de estereotipos negativos hacia la vejez (CENVE), la Escala de sexismo ambivalente (ASI), el Cuestionario breve de los cinco grandes rasgos de personalidad (BFPTSQ), la Escala sobre la ansiedad por el envejecimiento (AE) y la Escala sobre el contacto con personas mayores (CPM). Se determinaron los niveles de edadismo y se exploraron asociaciones con otras variables. A continuación, se realizó un modelo de regresión logística binaria para conocer los factores asociados a su presencia. Resultados Participaron doscientos sesenta y tres (263) estudiantes. La mayoría presentaban niveles de edadismo bajos o muy bajos (83,3%). Los estudiantes más edadistas presentaban mayores niveles de sexismo hostil (OR=1,07; p<0,01) y más ansiedad por el envejecimiento (OR=1,10; p<0,05) que los estudiantes que puntuaron bajo en edadismo. Por otra parte, ser alumno de grado fue un factor protector frente a este tipo de sesgo comparado con la realización de estudios de posgrado (OR=0,31; p<0,05). Conclusión Un mayor sexismo hostil y una mayor ansiedad por el envejecimiento se relacionan con un mayor edadismo en los estudiantes de la Universidad de Granada (España). Las universidades deben brindar conocimiento a sus alumnos sobre este problema y desarrollar programas dirigidos a evitar la discriminación de las personas mayores. (AU)

Background and aims Ageism is the negative perception towards others based on age. The aim of this research was to analyze the levels of ageism and its association with sexism and other factors in university students. Materials and methods Cross-sectional study among the students of the University of Granada. The data was collected through an online survey. Information on sociodemographic and academic variables was collected together with the Negative Stereotypes Questionnaire towards Old Age (CENVE), the Ambivalent Sexism Scale (ASI), the Brief Version of the Big Five Personality Inventory (BFPTSQ), the Anxiety Scale for Aging (AE) and the Contact with the Elderly Scale (CPM). Ageism levels were determined and associations with other variables were analyzed. A logistic regression model explored ageism’ associated factors. Results Two hundred and sixty-three students participated. Most had low or very low levels of ageism (83.3%). The most ageist students showed higher hostile sexism (OR=1.07; p<.01) and higher aging anxiety (OR=1.10; p<.05) than students with high scores in ageism. Graduate students showed protector OR for ageism when compared to postgraduate students (OR=.31; p<.05). Conclusions Higher hostile sexism and aging anxiety are associated with higher ageism in students from the University of Granada. Universities must include in their study plans knowledge about this problem and develop programs aimed at avoiding discrimination in the elderly. (AU)

Pornography, sexual orientation and ambivalent sexism in young adults in Spain.

BACKGROUND: On line platforms offer access to an almost unlimited variety of pornographic material that shows high levels of sexism. Despite this fact, there are still few studies that assess the effect of pornography on sexism in young adults The aim of this study is to analyze the association of pornography consumption and sexual orientation with benevolent sexism (BS) and hostile sexism (HS) in young men and women. METHODS: We surveyed 2,346 people aged 18-35 years old. Multiple regression models were carried out for BS and HS. The independent variables: current pornography consumption and sexual orientation. Covariates: socio-demographic variables -age, sex, level of education and place of birth-. RESULTS: A) HS: Men who consumed pornography had higher median values of HS than those who did not [ß(95%CI):2.39(0.67;4.10)]. Homosexual/ bisexual men displayed lower values of HS than heterosexual men [ß(95%CI):-2.98(-4.52;-1.45)]. The increase in HS levels associated with pornography consumption was notably greater in homosexual and bisexual women relative to heterosexual women, where that pattern was not observed [ß(95%CI for interaction): 2.27(0.11; 4.43)]. B) BS: Mean values of BS were observed to be lower for both women [ß(95%CI):-2.16(-2.99;-1.32)] and men [ß(95%CI):-4.30(-5.75;-2.86)] who consumed pornography compared to those who did not. Homosexual/bisexual men recorded mean values of BS lower than heterosexual men [ß(95%CI):-3.10(-4.21;-1.99)]. CONCLUSIONS: Pornography consumption is related to sexism and differs according to sex and sexual orientation. As sexism is the substratum of inequality between men and women, it is urgent to launch affective-sexual education programs for young people that take into account the determinants of sexism.

Structural Sexism and Breastfeeding in the United States, 2016-2021.

INTRODUCTION: Recent studies demonstrate that structural sexism erodes women's health and impedes access to healthcare. This study extends this research to examine the relationship between structural sexism and breastfeeding initiation and duration in the United States. METHOD: A multifaceted state-level structural sexism index was constructed and merged with responses from the 2016-2021 National Survey of Children's Health by state and child's birth year. For children ages six months to 5 years, the prevalence of being ever breastfed and breastfed for at least six months was measured across levels of structural sexism. Multivariable logistic regression analyzed the association of structural sexism with breastfeeding outcomes, net of individual and family characteristics. RESULTS: Higher levels of structural sexism were associated with lower odds of breastfeeding initiation and lower odds of breastfeeding for at least six months net of family and child characteristics. In addition, sensitivity analyses show that variations in state breastfeeding laws did not explain these differences. DISCUSSION: This study highlights structural sexism's role in limiting breastfeeding initiation and duration. Breastfeeding promotions and guidelines should consider the broader context of structural sexism.

Advancing Diversity in Microbiology: A 55-Year Retrospective Analysis.

Background For over 50 years, affirmative action helped advance equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) in educational institutions in the United States (U.S.). However, the recent U.S. Supreme Court decision to end affirmative action in college admissions threatens the progress toward EDI. Objective This study aimed to assess the progress in promoting gender and racial diversity within the discipline of microbiology over a 55-year period. We sought to analyze the representation of women and minority groups in faculty ranks, tenure positions, and leadership to identify disparities and trends and determine who will likely be impacted most with the end of affirmative action. Materials and methods This longitudinal retrospective study utilized publicly available and non-identifiable Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) data on full-time microbiology faculty from 1967 to 2021. Faculty members were categorized based on academic ranks and tenure status, while gender and racial data were also considered. Results The analysis revealed a consistent dominance of white faculty, with over 60% representation across all academic ranks throughout the study period. The Asian and female faculty representation decreased in senior academic ranks. We observed a positive trend in the annual increase of women in faculty positions, academic ranks, chairs, and tenure positions. Furthermore, Asian faculty demonstrated the most robust surge in representation. However, disparities persisted for black, Hispanic, and Native American faculty members, reflecting broader challenges in their representation. Discussion Although efforts to enhance diversity within microbiology have yielded positive results, underrepresented minority groups still face obstacles in attaining leadership positions and senior academic ranks. The diminishing proportion of women at higher academic ranks raises concerns about potential attrition or lack of promotion opportunities. The end of affirmative action poses a risk of perpetuating this trend, leading to a decline in diversity among microbiology faculty.

Asociación entre edadismo y sexismo en estudiantes universitarios / Association between ageism and sexism in university students

Antecedentes y objetivos El edadismo es la percepción negativa de las personas por su edad. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los niveles de edadismo y su asociación con el sexismo y otros factores en universitarios. Materiales y métodos Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal a través de una encuesta online entre los estudiantes de la Universidad de Granada (España). Se recogió información sobre variables sociodemográficas y académicas y se administró el Cuestionario de estereotipos negativos hacia la vejez (CENVE), la Escala de sexismo ambivalente (ASI), el Cuestionario breve de los cinco grandes rasgos de personalidad (BFPTSQ), la Escala sobre la ansiedad por el envejecimiento (AE) y la Escala sobre el contacto con personas mayores (CPM). Se determinaron los niveles de edadismo y se exploraron asociaciones con otras variables. A continuación, se realizó un modelo de regresión logística binaria para conocer los factores asociados a su presencia. Resultados Participaron doscientos sesenta y tres (263) estudiantes. La mayoría presentaban niveles de edadismo bajos o muy bajos (83,3%). Los estudiantes más edadistas presentaban mayores niveles de sexismo hostil (OR=1,07; p<0,01) y más ansiedad por el envejecimiento (OR=1,10; p<0,05) que los estudiantes que puntuaron bajo en edadismo. Por otra parte, ser alumno de grado fue un factor protector frente a este tipo de sesgo comparado con la realización de estudios de posgrado (OR=0,31; p<0,05). Conclusión Un mayor sexismo hostil y una mayor ansiedad por el envejecimiento se relacionan con un mayor edadismo en los estudiantes de la Universidad de Granada (España). Las universidades deben brindar conocimiento a sus alumnos sobre este problema y desarrollar programas dirigidos a evitar la discriminación de las personas mayores. (AU)

Background and aims Ageism is the negative perception towards others based on age. The aim of this research was to analyze the levels of ageism and its association with sexism and other factors in university students. Materials and methods Cross-sectional study among the students of the University of Granada. The data was collected through an online survey. Information on sociodemographic and academic variables was collected together with the Negative Stereotypes Questionnaire towards Old Age (CENVE), the Ambivalent Sexism Scale (ASI), the Brief Version of the Big Five Personality Inventory (BFPTSQ), the Anxiety Scale for Aging (AE) and the Contact with the Elderly Scale (CPM). Ageism levels were determined and associations with other variables were analyzed. A logistic regression model explored ageism’ associated factors. Results Two hundred and sixty-three students participated. Most had low or very low levels of ageism (83.3%). The most ageist students showed higher hostile sexism (OR=1.07; p<.01) and higher aging anxiety (OR=1.10; p<.05) than students with high scores in ageism. Graduate students showed protector OR for ageism when compared to postgraduate students (OR=.31; p<.05). Conclusions Higher hostile sexism and aging anxiety are associated with higher ageism in students from the University of Granada. Universities must include in their study plans knowledge about this problem and develop programs aimed at avoiding discrimination in the elderly. (AU)

Mindful-Gratitude Practice Reduces Prejudice at High Levels of Collective Narcissism.

This research tested the hypothesis that mindful-gratitude practice attenuates the robust association between collective narcissism and prejudice. In Study 1 (a between-subjects study using a nationally representative sample of 569 Polish adults; 313 female), 10 min of mindful-gratitude practice-compared to mindful-attention practice and control-did not decrease prejudice (anti-Semitism), but weakened the positive link between collective narcissism and prejudice. In Study 2 (a preregistered, randomized, controlled-trial study using a convenience sample of 219 Polish adults; 168 female), a 6-week mobile app supported training in daily mindful-gratitude practice decreased prejudice (anti-Semitism, sexism, homophobia, anti-immigrant sentiment) and its link with collective narcissism compared to a wait-list control. The hypothesis-consistent results emphasize the social relevance of mindful-gratitude practice, a time- and cost-effective intervention.

Not so once upon a time.

This story reflects a personal narrative of a graduate student who experienced a disturbing incident during Mardi Gras in New Orleans, shedding light on the enduring issue of racism. The author's journey to graduate school and the challenges faced along the way provide context for the pivotal moment of racial discrimination. The narrative then shifts to the author's decision to prioritize education over anger, highlighting the sacrifices made to protect their future as a graduate student. The incident serves as a stark reminder that, despite personal achievements and aspirations, racial prejudice persists. In conclusion, the author calls for resilience and focus in the pursuit of personal goals while acknowledging the ongoing struggle against racism and other forms of discrimination in society. This personal story serves as a poignant reminder of the challenges faced by individuals and the need for continued efforts to combat systemic intolerance.

The harm hypothesis: How perceived harm to women shapes reactions to research on sex differences.

Past research suggests that reactions to research on sex differences are often less positive when the findings put men in a better light than women, especially when the lead researcher is a man. The factors underlying this effect, however, are not yet fully understood. The present study aimed to provide the first experimental test of the hypothesis that the key variable is perceived harm to women. Participants (214 men and 219 women) evaluated a bogus popular-science article reporting fictional research finding either a female- or a male-favouring sex difference in intelligence, attributed to either a female or a male lead researcher. To examine the effects of perceived harm, the introduction to the task highlighted either the potential benefits or potential drawbacks of sex-differences research in general. Consistent with past research, participants reacted less positively to the male-favouring difference, especially for male-led research. Consistent with the harm hypothesis, the effect was stronger after highlighting the potential drawbacks of sex-differences research than after highlighting the potential benefits. Our findings suggest that perceptions of harm to women underpin the aversion to male-favouring findings.